No need Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No need - Essay Example After taking the introduction to conflict and resolution class, I learnt that there are many theories that one can use to understand the reason of conflict such as the nested theory, which reasonably analyses the reason of conflict. Indeed, I learnt the importance of culture and religion in the field of conflict and resolution as well as how they relate with the idea of peace building. This paper will be about the ideas, theories, and readings that I believe are important to conflict and resolution. Indeed, one can notice that the field of conflict and resolution contains various theories and ideas that are sometimes different yet they all try to answer the same questions such as why countries conflict. They also seek to explain human behavior. Furthermore, to me culture is very important in conflict and resolutions. This is because culture is deeply rooted in one’s past experiences, and as such, we can view it as a derivative of one’s own experiences (Avruch 20). Indee d, any person worldview is determined to a big extent by his/her culture, and therefore, culture is quite important in conflict resolution. In fact, from personal experiences, a person can build his/her new opinions and believes or become more attached to his/her pervious opinion. As a result, when two people have different opinions over an idea and none of them has enough information about the other side background, this will lead to conflict. Ideally, the two will conflict because each will try to convince the other side with his/her opinion and not being aware of the reasons that made the other side reject his/her opinion. One of the theories I learned this semester in the conflict resolution class is the Nested theory that I believe helps to explain the reason why conflict exist. The Nested model of conflict is based on the structural nature of the conflicts. In the nested model, Dugan identified three levels of conflict. These levels include the issue specific level, relational level, structural subsystem level, and structural system level. The levels are interrelated and adopt a pattern where the narrow types or levels of conflict nest within the broader level (Dugan 14). We can view these levels as the spider web where it starts with small circles surrounded by larger circles (Kotev paragraph 1). In the middle of the web, we have the individual surrounded by the community and then the larger circles represent the society (Kotev paragraph 1). In order to understand the reason of conflict, one should first look at the individual and what is around him/her to determine what kind of intuitions and community can affect his/her way of thinking. In addition, one can use the larger circle to see how the society affects the communities and the individuals. According to this theory, in resolving conflicts, we should first critically analyze the conflict and locate it within the category of conflicts where it fits. Having done that, we should then proceed to find the best way to resolve the root causes of the conflict. The reason why I mainly focused on culture, religion, and the nested theory is that I come from a religious country to a western country, which is the United States. I noticed that many American students and citizens do not know a lot about the Arab countries culture and religion. In fact, many think that Qatar, UAE and KSA are one country. For example, many westerns view the Arab women as oppressed women and that they are forced by men

Road Project Management Essay Example for Free

Road Project Management Essay In any project, there should be proper management of the project to be successful. Different projects have different fulfillment conditions, and in our case, it is not spared. Construction of the road requires a great deal of designing and application of various guidelines to make it fulfill the requirements and suite future generations, and their relevant application plus its effects to the social-economic and culture-political nature of situation. Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMBOK, contains a tailored five phases that guide implementation of a project even though these phases sometimes overlap: Initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing processes are the five phases (James 2006, pp. 66 – 70). Initiating process is usually important; this is because the necessary details that are required for successful completion of the project are devised. At this time, features like the Activity Completion Report (ACR), should be considered and developed through out of the project (John 1992, pp. 23 45). The idea of refining and defining the objectives of the project should be analyzed in the planning process. Other conditions such as project plans and sub-plans should be developed and obtaining the required funding should be a forefront issue before the project begins. The longest and most important phase is the executing process. This is when the project plan is implemented; this is through coordinating different human resources and other resources that are required to lead into successful completion of the project plans. Another important phase is controlling the general process. This is ensuring that the project objectives are met; this can be checked by use of measuring and monitoring the project development through regular inspections. This phase overlaps the different phases to enable it in tracking variances and changes that may occur (Subhankar 2003, pp. 56 – 70). The last phase is the closing process phase. This stage ensures that the project is brought into an orderly end. This can be obtained by formalizing, and then communicating the conclusion of the project and passing over the completed project to the accountable sector. Other activities that are common in this part of phase are completion of the Activity Completion Report and since this is a major project, it requires post implementation review. When the project phases are under control, the main issue is how the project will be managed. Various issues are brought into consideration to successfully manage the project. Issues such as contracting, environmental impacts, maintaining the project within the plan and human resource distribution are common. Project contracting is the most important in management since it allows the delivery of the materials, equipments and services to the road region. Contracting is usually affected by the funds that are available and engineering considerations. This may result into poor coordination between the different contractors. This can be prevented when each contract process is well defined in advance. Project safety and environmental considerations should be monitored at each step of the project. Human resource that is within the area including the inhabitants of the area should be ensured that they will be safe throughout the project, and if possible safety measures and parametric should be on stand by. The environment should be preserved and maintained to reduce issues that are related to pollution. This may be due to factors such as disposing of the excess amount of soil that was dug out, oil that the machines use as examples of environmental sensitivity in this case (Subhankar 2003, pp. 56 – 70). Risk is inevitable; it is like a natural thing. The risky areas run from contracting to the process at the scene should be analyzed and techniques such as SWOT, brainstorming should be applied in developing a risk matrix. This when applied will reduce issues such as late delivery by contractors and collision of project interest. Project control process comes into plan when trying to maintain the objective of the project. Issues such as the width of the road, road signs, vertical cross-section and environmental should be maintained within the original plans. All project steps should be maintained into the most original proposal plan. Human management is the tricky part since the required human resource should be at the right place at the right time, and it includes issues like team building and delegation of responsibilities. In addition, issues like how leadership should be accorded e. g. authoritative should be checked. In delegation of duties the use of X – Y theories may be applied so result into satisfaction of the human resource that are involved (James 2006, pp. 66 – 70). Total quality management (TQM) is a strategy that is employed by management in ensuring that the quality is observed. This brings around the issues of the type of materials that are used and the level of human expertise. The material quality should meet the required standards and during the executing of the process the right mixture of various materials should be observed. An example is the mixture between sand and cement, or the types of beams and steel that is used in construction of the required bridges and culverts (Dwigt 1990, pp. 96 100). After the completion of the project, project close out process is brought into light. The key elements that are associated with this stage of development are: Completion of the Post Implementation Evaluation report (PIER) †¢ Completing and archiving the project records. †¢ Disbursing the resources e. g. facilities and staff. †¢ In addition, recognizing outstanding achievements When the project is completed an issue arise, was the project successful and what was used to measure the level of success. Like quality that requires conformance to the requirements or specifications and fitness for use in the project, also, project success usually requires a combination of project management and product success. Three means that are frequently used to show that the project was successful are; cost, schedule and scope objectives. The cost that was required in the completion of the project is within the standards that was set; Budget. This means that the amount of funds that was used did not pass the estimate. Another issue is the schedule – time. The question arises whether the project was completed within the time scale that was proposed. If this was met, then the project is successful in terms of time. Lastly, the issue that relates to the product which in our case the road. A question such as whether the road was able to accommodate the different types of tracks that are supposed to access it and the traffic issue, if all the conditions that were initially set are met then in terms of project scope is successful. In success of any project, various issues are brought into focus. Starting from the project phases to the success of the project should be managed well, and viewed through different angles. Various issues should be brought into focus, which results in meeting the original plans of the project, and at the same time meets the required quality level.

Organizational Culture :: Free Essay Writer

Organizational Culture "†¦Japanese culture is very different from ours. For one thing, it consists almost entirely of Japanese people." (Barry, 43) Perhaps that seems an obvious statement, but how true it is. The culture of any business, organization, or even government is made up of the people that make the organization. Throughout this paper we will use the culture of the Japanese government as a medium, to see how culture affects the management and decision-making processes. Specifically we will look at how the culture affected the decisions of the government, and how those decisions affected the very lives of the Japanese people on a very dreadful day just over six years ago. A 20-second earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale, devastated the city of Kobe, Japan on the morning of January 17th, 1995. Many were still sleeping at 5:46 when the earthquake struck, but they would soon awaken to find great frustration as the lack of public and personal transportation, communication lines, and open roads became increasingly apparent. Indeed, Japan's 6th largest city was facing a problem, and one that needed to be addressed immediately. (Adamson, par 1) q Is America an Autocracy? You have probably read in a newspaper, or watched on television a documentary about a natural disaster on American soil. It could be anything from an East-coast hurricane, to a Mid-west tornado, to a California earthquake. Typically, by the time you are just hearing about the event, the President of the United States will have already declared a "state of emergency." Local and national armed forces are immediately dispatched to help assist in any way possible. The way that the President took the information available at the time, and promptly made the decision reflects an autocratic leadership style, as defined by Dessler. (301) Why wasn't there a session of congress held to determine if it was really necessary to declare the emergency? Why weren't the citizens allowed to vote whether or not they deemed it wise spending of their tax-dollars? The President of the United States (obviously, by his title) has the authority to make decisions that affect the United States. Our cult ure allows him to have the power that he does, whether he is backed by congress or not. We allow him to declare a state of emergency because our culture defines a "state of emergency" as a problem that needs to be fixed.

Effects of the AMR Corporation Bankruptcy on Airline Passengers and Emp

On November 29, 2011, American Airlines became the last of the legacy airlines to go bankrupt when its parent company, AMR Corporation, filed for Chapter 11 reorganization. Sought almost exclusively by large corporations, a Chapter 11 bankruptcy allows a firm to continue operating while reorganizing itself to create a more profitable financial framework (â€Å"Chapter 11 Definition†). Essentially, this provides a last resort business strategy: if the firm successfully reorganizes, its new financial structure begins cutting its debt. If the reorganization fails, the company begins liquidating its assets to repay the stakeholders to whom it owes money (â€Å"An Overview of Corporate†). An evaluation of the AMR bankruptcy along with the bankruptcies of its competitors provides insight to its potential impact on airline passengers, airline employees, and the economy as a whole. To put the AMR bankruptcy into perspective, it is necessary to examine market conditions for airline companies since 2000. Every major American airline with the exception of American Airlines filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy between 2002 and 2005 as a result of labor costs increasing while demand decreased following the recession and the September 11 terrorist attacks (Rushe). Between an already struggling economy, heightened airport security, and the reluctance of many passengers to continue air travel, these airlines filed for bankruptcy to escape debt and return to annual profitability. As of 2011, every major airline had achieved this goal with the exception of American Airlines, the only of these companies to forgo bankruptcy and, consequently, the only to remain in debt. As American Airlines’ financial issues became exacerbated by high oil prices, AMR finally f... ...clopedia of Economics. Ed. David R. Henderson. 2nd ed. Library of Economics and Liberty, n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. Stancavage, John. â€Å"Analysts See US Airways Merger as American’s Next Step.† Aviation Pros. Ed. Ronald Donner. Cygnus Business Media, 21 May 2012. Web. 21 May 2012. . Trejos, Nancy. â€Å"Union Groups Accept American Airlines’ Final Contract Offer.† USA Today. Ed. John Hillkirk. N.p., 15 May 2012. Web. 17 May 2012. . Whitely, Jason. â€Å"Unions Have Their Say on American Airlines Bankruptcy.† WFAA.com. WFAA-TV Inc., 13 May 2012. Web. 21 May 2012. . Effects of the AMR Corporation Bankruptcy on Airline Passengers and Emp On November 29, 2011, American Airlines became the last of the legacy airlines to go bankrupt when its parent company, AMR Corporation, filed for Chapter 11 reorganization. Sought almost exclusively by large corporations, a Chapter 11 bankruptcy allows a firm to continue operating while reorganizing itself to create a more profitable financial framework (â€Å"Chapter 11 Definition†). Essentially, this provides a last resort business strategy: if the firm successfully reorganizes, its new financial structure begins cutting its debt. If the reorganization fails, the company begins liquidating its assets to repay the stakeholders to whom it owes money (â€Å"An Overview of Corporate†). An evaluation of the AMR bankruptcy along with the bankruptcies of its competitors provides insight to its potential impact on airline passengers, airline employees, and the economy as a whole. To put the AMR bankruptcy into perspective, it is necessary to examine market conditions for airline companies since 2000. Every major American airline with the exception of American Airlines filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy between 2002 and 2005 as a result of labor costs increasing while demand decreased following the recession and the September 11 terrorist attacks (Rushe). Between an already struggling economy, heightened airport security, and the reluctance of many passengers to continue air travel, these airlines filed for bankruptcy to escape debt and return to annual profitability. As of 2011, every major airline had achieved this goal with the exception of American Airlines, the only of these companies to forgo bankruptcy and, consequently, the only to remain in debt. As American Airlines’ financial issues became exacerbated by high oil prices, AMR finally f... ...clopedia of Economics. Ed. David R. Henderson. 2nd ed. Library of Economics and Liberty, n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. Stancavage, John. â€Å"Analysts See US Airways Merger as American’s Next Step.† Aviation Pros. Ed. Ronald Donner. Cygnus Business Media, 21 May 2012. Web. 21 May 2012. . Trejos, Nancy. â€Å"Union Groups Accept American Airlines’ Final Contract Offer.† USA Today. Ed. John Hillkirk. N.p., 15 May 2012. Web. 17 May 2012. . Whitely, Jason. â€Å"Unions Have Their Say on American Airlines Bankruptcy.† WFAA.com. WFAA-TV Inc., 13 May 2012. Web. 21 May 2012. .

Carribean Adventures

I am Sandra Gaskins, born in California. I have completed MBA from Anderson School of Management in 2008, did graduation in commerce streams from University of American inter Continental and schooling from Belmont Senior high school. During my MBA course, I did summer internship in American express as a Management Trainee, where my job profile was to work with the travel counselor and prepare the project report on delivery of quality services to the customers. During this program I realized my strengths, which are better communication skill, handling the queries of customers and working in teams. About my family background – my father is running a privately owned business of textiles and mother is a home maker. I have one sibling pursuing BBA. I am keen to work with the Carribean Adventures, since the profile of Travel Counselor requires the skill of customer service and ability to work under pressure and I am familiar with the workings and dealings of travel counselors as I worked in the same field during internship. I had a great learning during internship. There I learnt about the customer values, needs and what quality means to them. Along with this, I had a selling experience and learnt how to coordinate in teams, which ultimately enhanced my problem solving capabilities and all these qualities form the core in order to become the travel counselor. Apart from this, I possess a sound knowledge of geographical locations, as it was one of my hobbies to gather the information related to the diversities in the places and study the human psychology. Therefore, based on the above mentioned qualities and my sheer determination towards the work that is assigned to me, I can say that I will be the suitable candidate for this post. Â   Â  

Great Expectations chps 1-3 essays

Great Expectations chps 1-3 essays Pip introduces the story by introducing himself. He says his real name is Philip Pirrip, so people just call him Pip. He lives with his sister who is married to Joe Gargery, a blacksmith. His parents are dead, so the only way he knows who they are is through their grave stone. Pip started to cry and soon a convict with an iron leg appeared and told him to be quite. The convict picked Pip upside down and emptied out his pockets. Then he demanded that Pip go home and get him some food and drink. Soon the convict left and Pip ran home. When Pip reached home, Joe was there waiting for him. He told Pip that Mrs. Joe had the tickler and was out looking for him. Soon, Mrs. Joe arrived home and asked him where he had been. Pip told her that he was at the churchyard, but she doubted him. Pip decided that he should start saving his food to give to the convict. As soon as Joe and Mrs. Joe werent looking, he hid the bread in his pants. Joe asked him why he was bolting and that he shouldnt do it. Mrs. Joe kept asking Joe why Pip was bolting, but he didnt answer so Mrs. Joe started beating him. Mrs. Joe thinks he is sick so she gives him so tar water and is punished the next day by having to make pudding. The next morning, Pip got up and stole some food, water, and a file. On his way to the battery, he ran into a young boy who Pip assumed was the other convict. The boy tried to punch Pip but missed and ran away. Pip made it to the convict and gave him the food and drink. Pip told him about the canon firings and the convict asked where they had come from. Then he demanded that Pip give him the file and he started filing at his chain. ...

My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essays

My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essays My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essay My Learned Philosophy and the Afterlife Essay In the beginning, I dreaded the fact of having to take a philosophy class. It all seemed preposterous to me. Then the final essay topic reflected several emotional responses in the beginning of the class. The Afterlife was only known to this student by means of religious teachings and not researched to the extent of whether or not the Afterlife matters in reference to how we live. How do we live if this unknown place actually exists? Initial readings in chapter assignments opened this student’s eye to a perspective on life that would not usually come up as a topic of discussion. Whether or not there is a God or one ultimate mover is something to struggle with as this student moved further into learning philosophy and its communicators. I have found that there really is not a straightforward answer on discovery or facts of the topic I chose. I found myself learning about philosophers like the great Aristotle. His teachings brought on the questions on everything that existed, the knowledge to find out what it means to be. I have tried to grasp his concepts and reflect this in my final paper. His sense of existence is relevant to me and how I will answer my topic’s questions. Moving further into the weeks I noticed that my thoughts on life changed. I no longer took many things for granted and saw my own life siting in the middle of materialism. This needed to change, the philosophical questions I now asked myself became complex. An example is one question in particular. How do I exist without the everyday â€Å"stuff† I think I need. I have found that existence is not physical but indeed a mental status with a physical body. Studying this helped me decide how to proceed with the research on the way I look at things and the Afterlife. How did others perceive it, this is my question to answer. I found that most of the philosophers I did not agree with but Descartes was not one of those. I still view him the same as I did weeks ago. I am a skeptic to say the least. I question all there is and look for solid proof. For me to write a paper on an unknown object or assumption of a place is challenging for me but have taken the task and hopefully will state matters and not just mere beliefs. Some of my philosophy is drawn to those Eastern influences we discussed but did not know my similarities until reading our chapters on the differences between Eastern and Western. I feel that I am a very spiritual person and hold life and its existence to a higher deity. I pray, I live, I die with honor that I have done all I can to better the lives of those around me. This will move me to a higher place when I die as some of the eastern philosophers believed. In conclusion, I wish to say that this class has taught me how to sit back and look around, question what I do not see and insist on proof of what I do see. I hope that my understanding of philosophy and what I got from taking this class stays with me and the truth will provide proof that the Afterlife is a guide for living. For truth is what we all seek, no matter how we get there and no matter where we end up.